Terms of Use

2. About the Company

Lex et Ratio Ltd is a company registered in England and Wales. Company No. 16641457. References to ‘we’, ‘us’, or ‘our’ are references to the Company, unless the context requires otherwise.

Enquiries may be directed to peter.kahl@juris.vc.

3. Informational and scholarly purpose only

The content of this website is provided for general informational, scholarly, research, and public-interest purposes. It does not constitute legal advice, regulatory advice, fiduciary advice, financial advice, investment advice, governance advice, or any other form of professional advice.

No reliance should be placed on material published on this website when making legal, commercial, governance, regulatory, operational, academic, or institutional decisions. Appropriate professional advice should be obtained in relation to specific circumstances.

Nothing on this website creates:

• a client relationship;
• a fiduciary relationship;
• a duty of care;
• an advisory engagement;
• a solicitor-client relationship;
• or any obligation to provide advice, services, or representation.

An advisory, consulting, research, speaking, or other professional relationship arises only where expressly agreed in writing.

4. No offer

Material published on this website does not constitute an offer to provide services, nor an invitation to treat. Any engagement is subject to formal agreement, including scope, fees, confidentiality, conflicts, deliverables, and applicable terms.

The Company reserves absolute discretion in deciding whether to accept, decline, suspend, or terminate any proposed engagement, subject to any binding written agreement then in force.

5. Intellectual property

Unless otherwise stated, all content on this website, including text, structure, design, images, page layout, and underlying materials, is owned by or licensed to the Company and is protected by applicable intellectual property laws.

You may:

• view pages for personal, academic, policy, journalistic, or internal professional use;
• quote short extracts for lawful purposes including criticism, review, scholarship, teaching, research, journalism, and policy discussion, provided appropriate attribution is given;
• download temporary technical copies necessary for ordinary browser caching.

You may not, without prior written permission:

• reproduce substantial portions of the website;
• republish, mirror, or systematically archive the website;
• distribute materials commercially;
• modify or create derivative works from website materials;
• present website content as your own;
• extract content for bulk databases, commercial datasets, or unauthorised automated systems.

Individual papers, preprints, or repository-hosted works may carry their own licences or usage terms. Where a specific work states its own licence, that licence governs use of that work, but it does not grant permission to crawl, scrape, mirror, or extract the rest of this website.

Requests for permission should be directed to peter.kahl@juris.vc.

6. Acceptable use

You agree not to use this website:

• in any way that breaches applicable law or regulation;
• to attempt unauthorised access to systems, infrastructure, logs, private files, source code, or non-public directories;
• to interfere with site security, integrity, or availability;
• to introduce malicious code, malware, exploit payloads, or harmful traffic;
• to probe, scan, test, or attack the server or associated infrastructure without permission;
• to harvest data or conduct automated scraping except as expressly permitted by the Crawler Policy;
• to impersonate another person, organisation, crawler, browser, or search engine;
• to bypass robots.txt, ai.txt, llms.txt, rate limits, access controls, or blocking mechanisms.

We reserve the right to restrict, rate-limit, block, log, or serve a 404 response to requests where misuse, abuse, deception, unauthorised automation, excessive crawling, or security risk is suspected.

7. Automated access, AI crawlers, and scraping

Automated access is governed by the separate Crawler Policy, together with any instructions published in robots.txt, ai.txt, and llms.txt.

Unless expressly authorised in writing, automated collection of website content for training, fine-tuning, benchmarking, evaluating, augmenting, or operating machine-learning systems, generative-AI systems, search substitutes, commercial datasets, or retrieval systems is not permitted.

Ordinary indexing by reputable search engines is permitted where it complies with robots.txt, reasonable crawling norms, and the Crawler Policy.

8. Privacy and data protection

The handling of personal data is explained in the Privacy Notice. That notice forms part of the governance framework of this website.

The website may process technical data such as IP addresses, user-agent strings, request URLs, timestamps, referrers, GeoIP-derived information, ASN or network information, visitor/session indicators, blocked-request records, robot logs, and 404 logs for security, abuse prevention, operational diagnostics, and traffic analysis.

The Company intends to operate this website with awareness of applicable UK data protection law, including the UK GDPR and the Data Protection Act 2018, where those laws apply. Website logs and security records are used for legitimate operational and security purposes and are not sold to advertisers.

This section is not a complete privacy notice. The Privacy Notice should be read for fuller information about processing, lawful bases, retention, rights, and contact details.

9. Accuracy of information

Reasonable care is taken in preparing website content. However, the Company makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, as to accuracy, completeness, currency, suitability, or fitness for any particular purpose.

Content may be updated, revised, reorganised, withdrawn, or replaced without notice.

10. External links and repositories

This website may contain links to third-party websites, repositories, academic platforms, DOI services, social media pages, or other external resources. Such links are provided for reference and convenience only.

The Company has no control over external sites and accepts no responsibility for their content, availability, security, terms, licences, or privacy practices. A link does not imply endorsement.

11. Limitation of liability

To the fullest extent permitted by law, the Company disclaims all liability arising from reliance on website content or from use of, or inability to use, the website.

The Company shall not be liable for:

• indirect or consequential loss;
• loss of profit;
• loss of opportunity;
• business interruption;
• reputational damage;
• loss, corruption, or unauthorised disclosure of data;
• loss arising from external links or third-party services;
• loss arising from unauthorised access, malware, or security incidents, except where liability cannot lawfully be excluded.

Nothing in these Terms excludes or limits liability for death or personal injury caused by negligence, fraud, fraudulent misrepresentation, or any other liability that cannot lawfully be excluded or limited under the laws of England and Wales.

12. Availability

The website is provided on an ‘as is’ and ‘as available’ basis. Continuous, uninterrupted, secure, or error-free availability is not guaranteed.

We may suspend, withdraw, restrict, modify, or discontinue all or part of the website without notice where operational, technical, security, legal, policy, or editorial considerations require.

13. Security

Reasonable technical measures are implemented to support the security and integrity of this website. However, no internet transmission or publicly accessible system can be guaranteed secure.

Users are responsible for ensuring that their own devices, browsers, networks, and systems are appropriately protected.

14. Changes to these Terms

These Terms may be amended from time to time. The current version will be published on this page.

Continued use of the website after changes are published constitutes acceptance of the revised Terms.

15. Governing law and jurisdiction

These Terms are governed by the laws of England and Wales.

Any dispute arising in connection with these Terms or use of this website shall be subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of England and Wales, subject to any mandatory legal rights that may apply in another jurisdiction.

16. Contact

Enquiries concerning these Terms may be directed to:

Peter Kahl
Lex et Ratio Ltd
Email: peter.kahl@juris.vc